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Introduction to 'C'

Objectives of C
Applications of C
Relational and logical operators
Bit wise operators
The assignment statement
Intermixing of data types
type conversion
cast Operator
Multiple assignment
Type definitions
Input/Output Routines
Formatted and unformatted I/O operations

Control Flow Statements In 'C'

If statement
else-if statement
While statement
for loop, do, while loop
Switch
break and continue
goto

Functions

Definition of function and it's uses
Format of a function
Calling the function
C storage classes - extern
Automatic variables
Static variables
Register variables Recursive functions
Command line arguments

Array and String

1-D,2-D array and string
String handling library functions
Additional string functions
Searching
Sorting with different algorithms
ferror()
ftell()
feof(),
fopen,fwrite,fread,
File handling system calls - open(),
read(), write(), lseek(), close(),
Database handling in C

Pointers

Introduction to pointers
The 'address of' and 'indirection' operators
Pointer expression
Data types of pointers
Pointers and arrays
Assignment of pointers
Pointer arithmetic
Comparison of two pointers
Pointers and functions
Pointers and strings

C Preprocessor

Macros with Arguments
Macro Versus Function
Directive
Conditional Directive

Structures

Introduction to structures
Declaration and reference,
Accessing structure elements,
Array of structures,
Nested structures,
Self-referential structures,

Union Enumerated Data Type

Introduction to Union
Dynamic memory allocation
Typedef statement

Files

Introduction and need for a file
Library functions to open/close a file,
Functions to read/write a single
Character from a file
Formatted input output functions used in file
handling fscanf(),
fprintf(),
fgets(), fputs()
Flushing buffers,
Functions used in file handling - fseek(),

Interfacing of Seven and Fourteen Segment Display

Introduction to 7 Segment Display
Types of 7 Segment Display
Interfacing Circuit Description of 7 Segment Display
Programming of 7 Segment Display Interfacing
Introduction to 14 Segment Display
Types of 14 Segment Display
Interfacing Circuit Description of 14 Segment Display

8051 (MicroControllers using Assembly and C

Introduction to Embedded System

History Need of Embedded System
Basic components of Embedded System
Hardware Classification of Embedded System
Programming Language Classification of Embedded System
Advantage Disadvantage of Low level High level programming language of Embedded System

Microprocessor Microcontroller Classification

Difference between Microprocessor Microcontroller
Classification based on architecture
Classification based on Instruction Set
Type of Microcontroller
Memory Classification

Introduction to 8051 Microcontroller

Introduction of ATMEL 8051 family
Block diagram description of AT89C51
Special feature of AT89C51
Pin description of AT89C51

Registers Memory of AT89C51

Description of RAM
Description of CPU Registers
Function of SFR

Assembly Language Programming of AT89C51

Addressing modes of AT89C51
Directives of Assembly Language
Data Transfer Instruction
Jump Instruction
Arithmetic Instruction
Logical Instruction
Branching Instruction

Interfacing of LED AND MATRIX

Introduction of LED's
Interfacing Circuit Description of LED's
Programming of LED's Interfacing
Interfacing of LED Matrix

Interfacing of ADC

Introduction to ADC
Interfacing circuit of ADC
Working Interfacing of Temperature Sensor (DS1621 LM35)

Interfacing of External Memory

Introduction to External Memory Interfacing
Introduction to I2C Protocol
Using I2C library to read/write External Memory

Introduction of EMBEDDED C

Introduction to Embedded C
Different between C Embedded C
Data Type of Embedded C
Operators of Embedded C
Statements Loops of Embedded C

Interworking of Assembly Embedded C

Inline Function
Inline Assembly Routines

Programming Interfacing using EMBEDDED C

Programming of Timer Counter
Programming of Serial Port
Programming of Interrupt
LCD Interfacing
Motor Interfacing
Key board Matrix Interfacing

Interfacing of LCD

Introduction to 16 x 2 LCD
Commands of 16 x 2 LCD
Interfacing Circuit Description of 16 x 2 LCD
Programming of 16 x 2 LCD

Interfacing of Switches Keyboard Matrix

Introduction to Switches Keyboard Matrix
Interfacing Circuit of Switches Keyboard Matrix
Programming of Keyboard Matrix Switches
Controlling of LED's by using Switches
Key board Matrix LCD Interfacing Program

Interfacing of Motors

Introduction to Motors
Types of Motors used in Embedded System
Programming Controlling of Motors in Embedded System

Timers Counter Programming

Introduction to Timer Counter
Difference between Timer and Counter
Description of SFR associated with Timer Counter
Programming of Timer Counter

Serial Communication Programming

Introduction to Serial Communication
Types of Serial Communication
Description of SFR associated with Serial Communication
Introduction Interfacing of UART
Programming of UART

Interrupt driven Programming

Introduction to Interrupts
Types of Interrupts
Programming of Software Hardware Interrupts
Difference between RISC and CISC
Memory Classification

Computer Languages

Low Level Languages
Middle Level Language
High Level Language
Advantage Disadvantage of Low level High level programming language of Embedded System
Interaction of language with Compilers

Embedded Development Tools

Assembler
Interpreter
Compiler
Simulator
Emulator
Debugger

Designing with Microcontrollers

Introduction to 8051 and Family
Introduction to Microchip and Family
Block Description of PIC 18F458
PIN diagram Description of PIC 18F458
Introduction of File Register (RAM)
Introduction To RAM Architecture
Access Bank
Special Features of PIC18F458

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Advanced Embedded System PIC ( PIC18XXXX)

Introduction to Embedded Systems

History need of Embedded System
Basic components of Embedded System
Hardware Classification of Embedded System
Programming Language Classification of Embedded System

Classification of Microprocessor Microcontroller

Difference between Microprocessor Microcontroller
Classification based on Architecture
Classification based on Instruction Set
Type of Microcontroller
Memory Classification

Brief Introduction to Computer Architecture

Classification of Von-Neumann and Harvard Architecture

Introduction to PIC18 Compiler/ Simulator

MPLAB Compiler
MPLAB C 18 Compiler
Micro Pro C Compiler
PIC18 Simulator IDE
Proteus

Real world interfacing – LED

Brief introduction to P-N Junction Semiconductor Devices and LED
Circuit Description of Interfacing LED
LED Programming Patterns

Real world interfacing – 7 segment display

Theory of 7-Segment Displays
Writing Decoding Chart for 0-f character
Writing one digit UP/DOWN Counter Program
Programming 2 Digit/3 Digit /4 Digit Counter
Introduction To TLC (Traffic Light Controller) Programming

Real world interfacing – LCD

Block Diagram of LCD
Types of LCD
Pin Structure of 16x2 LCD
Hardware Interfacing Circuit
LCD Command set
Writing program to drive LCD

Timer/Counter programming

Description of SFR associated with Timer/Counter
Configuring as a Timer
Configuring as Counter
Delay Count Calculations

Interfacing of switches keyboard matrix

Introduction to Switches Keyboard Matrix
Interfacing Circuit of Switches Keyboard Matrix
Programming of Keyboard Matrix Switches
Controlling of LED's by using Switches
Key board Matrix LCD Interfacing Program

Real world interfacing – MOTORS

Different kind of Motors
Interfacing of DC Motors and Stepper Motor
Motor Drivers Interfacing

Using Internal/External Memories

Introduction to External Memory Interfacing using Intel Bus Timing
SFR configuration to read/write Internal Memory (EEPROM)
Using library to read/write Internal EEPROM

Introduction of EMBEDDED C

Why C
Benefits of C over Assembly
Constants, Variables Data Types
Operators
Control Statement and Loops
Introduction to preprocessor directives
Assembly within C (Inline Assembly)

Serial Communication programming

Introduction to the Communication System
Types of communication System
Introduction to Serial Communication
Description of SFR associated with Serial Communication
Data Framing and UART Introduction
Introduction Interfacing of UART
Programming of UART

Interrupt driven programming

SFR associated with Interrupts
Interrupt Handling Methods
Programming Hardware Interrupts
Programming Timer Interrupts
Programming Serial Interrupts

Using and configuring adc

Introduction to ADC
ADC Initialization

Introduction of sensors

Introduction of Transducers
Types of Sensors
Sensor Interfacing

Introduction to signal Decoder IC

DTMF

Protocol Interfacing

SPI Protocol
I2C Protocol

Introduction to CCP and ECCP programming

Standard CCP Module
Enhanced CCP Module
Compare mode programming
Capture mode programming
Motor interfacing
16x2 LCD Display

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Embedded Systems with Microcontroller (AVR)

Embedded system

Brief idea of Embedded Systems Industrial applications
Application/Area wise need of Embedded
Hardware classification for Embedded

Brain of Embedded Appliances

Brief idea of Micro-controller/processor
Why Microcontroller?
Architecture of Microcontroller
System architecture – RISC, CISC, Harvard, Von-Neumann
Architecture of Microcontroller

Embedded C

Introduction classes
Conditional statements or looping
C – Array

Microcontroller (AVR)

Features of microcontroller
Pin out of microcontroller
GP I/O Port specification
Description about all Ports
Description about IDE for programming
Proteus Simulation for microcontroller
I/O programming using Embedded C
Led on/off programming
Delay generation through function

Advanced features of Microcontroller

TIMER
ADC
Serial communication
Advance Communication Protocol
Project as per Module

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Embedded Systems (ARM)

Introduction to Electronics

Resistors
Capacitors
Diodes
Transistor
Transformers
Power supply

Introduction to Embedded system

History need of Embedded System
Basic components of Embedded System
Hardware Classification of Embedded System
Programming Language Classification of Embedded System
Advantage Disadvantage of Low level High level programming language of Embedded System

Microprocessor microcontroller classification

Difference between Microprocessor Microcontroller
Classification based on architecture
Classification based on Instruction Set
Type of Microcontroller
Introduction to Microcontrollers
Introduction to Microprocessor
Other Programmable devices
Difference b/w various processing devices

Brief introduction to Computer Architecture

Classification based on architecture
Classification based on Instruction Set
Memory Classification and its organization

Computer Languages

Low Level Languages
Middle Level Language
High Level Language
Interaction of language with Compilers

Embedded development tools

Assembler
Interpreter
Compiler
Simulator
Difference between C and Embedded C
Compiler handling
Creating and modifying projects in Compiler Conventional programs
Basic Embedded programs structure
Getting your programs into a compiler, writing your programs

ARM Architecture

Introduction to ARM Architecture
Block Diagram
Functional Diagram
AMBA bus architecture
ARM versions
The endian issue

Register and memory of ARM7TDMI

ARM Register Set
Modes in ARM
Exception entry and return from different modes
32 bit CPU registers
CPSR and SPSR register
States in arm
ARM naming

ARM Instruction Set's

Introduction to 32 bit ARM instruction set
Introduction to 16 bit THUMB instruction set
Introduction to 8- bit Jazelle instruction set
Data processing instruction
Barrel shifter instruction
Load and store instruction
Arithmetic Instruction
Logical Instruction
Branching Instruction

Introduction to LPC21xx series Microcontroller

Introduction of lpc2000family
Block diagram description of lpc2148
Special feature of lpc2148
Pin description of lpc2148

Registers memory of lpc2148

Description of RAM
Description of CPU Registers
Function of SFR

PIN Control Block

Pin Configuration
Pin Connect Block
General Purpose I/P

System control block in lpc2148

Power control programming
Pll programming
Vpb programming

Interfacing of switches keyboard matrix

Introduction to Switches Keyboard Matrix
Interfacing Circuit of Switches Keyboard Matrix
Programming of Keyboard Matrix Switches
Controlling of LED's by using Switches
Key board Matrix LCD Interfacing Program

Real world interfacing – MOTORS

Introduction to Motors
Introduction to Motors
Types of Motors used in Embedded System
AC motor
DC motor
Stepper motor
Servo motor
DC geared motor
Programming Controlling of Motors in Embedded System
Different kind of Motors
Interfacing of DC Motors and Stepper Motor
Motor Drivers Interfacing

Motor Controlling circuits

Motor controlling using driver ICs IC's
LM358(dual op- amp)
LM35(Temperature sensor)
L293D(dual H-bridge IC
7805(Voltage regulator)
Lm317 IC

Types of sensors

Introduction to Sensing Devices
IR sensor
Light searching sensor
Temperature sensor
Touch sensor
Motion sensor

Introduction to signal Decoder IC

DTMF

Timers counter programming

Introduction to Timer Counter
Difference between Timer and Counter
Description of SFR associated with Timer Counter
Programming of Timer Counter
Timer 0 and Timer 1 Features
Pin Description
Basics of Timer Handling
Capture and match modules in lpc2148

Other communication protocols

Features
Applications
Pin Description
Architecture and Register Description

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Linux Internals Device Drivers

Getting Started

Introduction to Unix and Linux
Programming Linux
Linux Compiler
History of Linux
Types of Linux platform
Real time system

Linux basics and commands

File Handling
Text Processing
System Administration
Process Management
Archival
Network
File Systems
Advanced Commands

Working with file

Unix file Structure
File and directory maintenance
Changing the attributes of a file systems
File handling concepts
Normal level file handling
Low level File handling

Sockets

What is socket
Socket connection
Socket Attributes
Creating a Socket
Socket Addresses
Naming a Socket
Creating a Socket Queue
Accepting Connections
Requesting Connections
Closing a Socket
Socket Communications

Device Driver

An Introduction to Device Drivers
The Role of the Device Driver
Splitting the Kernel
Classes of Devices and Modules
Security Issues
Version Numbering
Overview of the Book
Building and Running Modules
Setting Up Your Test System
The Hello World Module
Kernel Modules Versus Applications
Compiling and Loading
The Kernel Symbol Table
Preliminaries
Initialization and Shutdown
Module Parameters
Doing It in User Space
Quick Reference
3. Char Drivers
The Design of scull
Major and Minor Numbers
Some Important Data Structures
Char Device Registration
open and release
scull's Memory Usage
read and write
Playing with the New Devices

Brief introduction to Computer Architecture

Classification based on architecture
Classification based on Instruction Set
Memory Classification and its organization

Computer Languages

Low Level Languages
Middle Level Language
High Level Language
Interaction of language with Compilers

Embedded development tools

Assembler
Interpreter
Compiler
Simulator
Emulator
Debugger

Embedded C programming

C programming basics
Operators
Control Statement and Loops
Introduction to preprocessor directives

GPIO register and peripheral register

Gpio register with peripheral speed
Gpio register with CPU speed
Pinselect registers

Interfacing of LED Matrix

Introduction of LED's
Brief introduction to P-N Junction Semiconductor Devices and LED
Circuit Description of Interfacing LED
Programming of LED's Interfacing
LED Programming Patterns
Introduction to common cathode and common anode type Led matrix
Interfacing hardware of Led matrix
Programming led matrix
Introduction to multiplexed led matrix using shifter ic

Real World Interfacing – Segment Display

Theory of 7-Segment Displays
Types of 7 Segment Display
Writing Decoding Chart for 0-f character
Writing one digit UP/DOWN Counter Program
Programming 2 Digit/3 Digit /4 Digit Counter
TLC (Traffic Light Controller) Programming
Introduction to Multiplexed 7 segment displays
Interfacing Multiplexed 7 segment displays
Theory of 14-Segment Displays
Writing Decoding Chart for 14 segment character
Theory of 16-Segment Displays
Writing Decoding Chart for 16 segment character

LCD Interfacing

Block Diagram of LCD
Types of LCD
Introduction to 16x1,16 x2 and 16x 4 LCD
Pin Structure of 16x1,16 x2 and 16x 4 LCD
Hardware Interfacing Circuit
LCD Command set
Commands of 16x1,16 x2 and 16x 4 LCD
Programming of 16x1,16 x2 and 16x 4 LCD
To move data on LCD in 8-bit
To move data on LCD in 4-bit
To display data on both rows in 4 and 8-bit Mode
Scrolling message display on LCD in 4 and 8 bits Mode.
Introduction to graphical LCD

Serial communication programming

Introduction to the Communication System
Types of communication System
Introduction to Serial Communication
Description of SFR associated with Serial Communication
Data Framing and UART Introduction
Introduction Interfacing of UART
Interfacing with PC using UART/RS232

Interrupt driven programming

Introduction to Interrupts
Difference between polling and interrupt method
Types of Interrupts
Interrupt service routine (ISR)
Vector Interrupt Control
Programming of Software Hardware Interrupts
Interrupt Priority
Timer Interrupts Programming
External Hardware Interrupts Programming
SFR associated with Interrupts
Programming Serial Interrupts
RTC interrupt

Interfacing of ADC

Introduction to ADC
Registers for ADC
Interfacing circuit of ADC
ADC Initialization
To display digital data on LED
To display digital data on LCD

Real time clock

Feathers
Resister Description
RTC Interrupts

Pulse width modulation

PWM Generator
Register Description
Application

Processes and Signals

What is process?
Process Structure
The Process Table
Viewing Processes
System Processes
Process Scheduling

Getting Started

Kill a process
Fork
Starting New Processes
Waiting for a Process
Zombie Processes
Input and Output Redirection
Execve ,exec ,execv, execlp ,execl ,execve
Process commands
Signal handling

Threads

What is thread
Thread programming
Wait queues
Spin lock
Synchronization

Pipes

what is pipe
Process Pipes
The pipe call
Parent and child processes
Named pipes

Semaphores, message queues and shared memory

Semaphores
Semaphore Definition
Linux Semaphore Facilities
Using Semaphores

Shared Memory

shmget
shmat
shmdt
shmctl

Message Queues

msgget
msgsnd
msgrcv
msgctl